To the left of the gift-shop, out on the balcony, something takes you by surprise. When you’d thought the Tate Modern’s inflamed Mona Hatoum retrospective was done with you, there it is: a wall of burlap sandbags, sprouting grass and blocking the view of St. Paul’s dome.

This work is typical of Palestinian artist Hatoum; in every way. It catches you off-guard. It forces the mundane into profundity. It references conflict. As a ‘readymade’, it’s in dialogue with art history. It’s ambiguous; desolate and hopeful. And lastly, its title is a slightly smug pun.

This is Hatoum's first major London exhibition; odd, considering she is one of the foremost artists of her generation. She grew up in Beirut but moved to England in 1975 when war broke out in Lebanon. When the conflict erupted, the artist was on holiday in London. She was separated from her family for 9 months. Hatoum found herself at Slade art, and with her studies, found the means to rail against her homeland’s civil war and the mechanics of human oppression.

At the beginning of her career, Hatoum experimented with video art and performance: she first made a splash in 1982 when she writhed around naked inside a transparent plastic box, smeared with brown clay at the Aspex Gallery in Portsmouth. Later in her career, the artist turned to sculpture and installation. All four of these media are at the Tate in full force.

Hatoum has a way of corrupting domestic objects. Her work makes the familiar hostile; uncanny. We have a cheese-grater, blown up to human proportions. In two pieces, the brutal metal appears as an eighteenth century screen and chaise longue. The result is uniquely unnerving. There are traditional Palestinian soaps with pins sticking out of them, chairs which have retreated into desks, speaking mirrors. The centre of the exhibition is Homebound; an assemblage of kitchen utensils and electrical goods, which thrums with a lethal electric charge. In performance video Measures of Distance, Hatoum’s mother cries “the house has lost its soul”. Civil War gets into our favourite, most familial spaces.

Hot Spot III (2009). Photograph © Mona Hatoum/Agostino Osio, Courtesy Fondazione Querini Stampalia Onlus, Venice

The show gets even closer to home, so to speak. The artist is fascinated by the frailties and resistance of the human body; and its traces are everywhere. Nails, urine, blood, hair (check out Jardin Pubic). The squeamish would do well to steer clear of Corps Etranger in which Hatoum inserts miniature cameras into each orifice. (The most remarkable pieces, though, are the larger, later installations.)

For 35 years, naysayers have charged Hatoum with a lightweight status; claiming that her art is no different to the work coming out of Central St. Martin’s. If there is any similarity, it is because this is exactly the kind of art that students are trying to make. Simple, gutsy stuff; high in concept yet packed with emotion. We would rather spent three hours here than one more minute at the Tate Britain’s insufferably high minded Conceptual Art in Britain. This exhibitions speaks clearly; clear enough that kids’ll get to grips with it. In fact, it might well get them hooked on contemporary art.

Don’t listen to the detractors; this has something to say to everyone – which, surely, is what this stuff is all about.